Pietro Delavalle, a famous Italian tourist, traveled to the Ottoman lands, Iran and India in the early years of the seventeenth century and wrote his memoirs in the form of letters. His travelogue is a complete mirror of the social and political life of the Safavid period in Iran. The details in this travelogue are described as if a painting is carefully drawing a painting. He has well described the Iranians from his point of view as a Venetian merchant and a devout Christian. From his notes in fascinating travelogues, one can imagine a hypothetical human being who lived five centuries ago. Today we go to Pietro Delavalle to the history of Iran in the Safavid era to get to know the Iranian man with ١٥ behavioral, moral and social habits and characteristics.
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The Iranian hand is his spoon and fork
Bread in Kurdistan and in Iran in general is very thin and its shape is round and white and it is well baked and it is similar to lasagna from which pasta is made. There is no mention of spoons and the like, and the way Iranians eat is that they use their hands as spoons and forks. There were a few wooden spoons on the table, but none of them, except us Persians, used them, because the Iranians - just as when their ambassadors arrived in Rome, the way they ate attracted the attention of curious people - lost themselves as They use a spoon and in a special way, four fingers are continuously rotated inside the food container ...
They provide their home free of charge
In Mazandaran, there are no public guesthouses and stops are made in people's private homes, the owners of which do not ask for money, and if a rent is paid for this, they do not accept it, and in return they have to give a gift or reward that they accept.
Extending the leg is considered rude
[At a boring party] What bothered me most about sitting on all fours - because it was considered rude to stretch my legs - was that nothing was exchanged and complete silence reigned in the parliament.
Iranians keep the book wholeheartedly
[In letters to his friends in Venice] you wrote to me to prepare Ibn Sina's law book and other books; But despite all my efforts, I have not succeeded in this way so far; Because scientific books are very few in these areas and they do not use them, and the same small number is in the hands of interested people who keep it with all their being and do not let it fall into anyone's hands.
They sit on the ground, eat and sleep there
As you know, in Iran, all rooms are furnished with high-quality carpets that sit on them and place candles and lamps on it. In the past, as Xenophon describes it, when Panthea, the wife of the king of Susa, was captured by Cyrus' soldiers, she was given a chador in which she sat on the ground with her companions, and the prophet Ezekiel said the same thing. Even today, in this land, people sit on carpets and eat and sleep there, without any problems in terms of sofas, furniture, beds, etc.
Foreigners have an extraordinary respect for Iranians
Not only is the curiosity of the people here surprising; Rather, the extraordinary respect they give to foreigners in Iran is even more astonishing.
Men's nudity is a sign of rudeness
[In the presence of Shah Abbas I, Safavid] The first king sat on two knees, but this way of sitting, which is the perfection of humility and politeness, makes a person tired very quickly, and for this reason, the king got tired after a while and sat on four knees. We sat comfortably with him. Then he took the turban off his head and put it aside, because it is his habit to take the turban off his head every time he sits in the open air, and this should not come as a surprise, because I do the same at home. Of course, in the presence of the king, others can not imitate this, because being naked in front of an elder and even like-minded people, who are not very friendly with each other, is a rude reason.
This man is content as much as he seems lazy
[When traveling in Isfahan] the type of fruits and vegetables, etc. is less than in Italy, but this is not the reason for the lack of land; Rather, it is more due to the indifference and contentment of the locals that as soon as their food and needs are provided, they are not in bondage to anything else, and having or not having the delicious vegetables, fruits and food that we care so much about; For them, it is against the side ...
Oriental women love marriage for the rest of their lives
[Describing the multiple marriages of a Safavid princess] No matter how old the women of the Orient are, they are still not ashamed to marry.
Iranians give generously to foreigners
Iranians are very generous with gifts, especially to foreigners; But on the other hand, according to customs, the person who receives a gift, in return, gives something of the same value or more precious; Because if this is not done, the person who gave the gift will complain, and as I have heard, this has happened many times.
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